[248], The party had five vice presidents between July 2012 and March 2018 (against three previously).
The FN adopted a French version of the MSI tricolour flame as its logo. He instead made an unambiguous commitment to popular capitalism, and started espousing an extremely market liberal and anti-statist programme. In 2002, Jean-Marie came second in the first round, but finished a distant second in the runoff to Jacques Chirac. They have also been part of the Identity and Democracy Party (formerly the Movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom) since 2014, which additionally includes Slovakia's We Are Family and the Bulgarian Volya Movement. [50] In 1973 the party created a youth movement, the Front national de la jeunesse (National Front of the Youth, FNJ). 83 000 adhérents et sympathisants le représentent, répartis dans les 100 fédérations de métropole, d’Outre-mer et de l’étranger. [2] ", "Globalization is barbarous, multinationals rule world – Marine Le Pen", "A consistent opponent of immigration: Le Pen based appeal on fears about crime", http://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/2019/01/16/01002-20190116ARTFIG00326-le-rn-abandonne-la-sortie-de-l-euro.php, "France's Le Pen wants France, Greece, Spain to ditch euro", "French far-right leader Marine Le Pen affirms support of Israel", "€40m of Russian cash will allow Marine Le Pen's Front National to take advantage of rivals' woes in upcoming regional and presidential elections", "UKRAINE. [43][44][45] It wanted to unite the various French far-right currents, and brought together "nationals" of Le Pen's group and Roger Holeindre's Party of French Unity; "nationalists" from Pierre Bousquet's Militant movement or François Brigneau's and Alain Robert's Ordre Nouveau; the anti-Gaullist Georges Bidault's Justice and Liberty movement; as well as former Poujadists, Algerian War veterans, and some monarchists, among others. [211], Since their entry into the European Parliament in 1979, the National Front has promoted a message of being pro-Europe, but anti-EU. [112] The FN pursued interventionist policies with regards to the new cultural complexion of their towns by directly influencing artistic events, cinema schedules, and library holdings, as well as cutting or halting subsidies for multicultural associations. [36] Throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s, the French far-right consisted mainly of small extreme movements such as Occident, Groupe Union Défense (GUD), and the Ordre Nouveau (ON). ", "French National Front: Far right or hard left? [236], During her visit to the United States, Marine Le Pen met two Republican members of the U.S. House of Representatives associated with the Tea Party movement, Joe Walsh, who is known for his strong stance against Islam, which Domenic Powell argues, rises to Islamophobia[237] and three-time presidential candidate Ron Paul, whom Le Pen complimented for his stance on the gold standard. [38][39], While the ON had competed in some local elections since 1970, at its second congress in June 1972 it decided to establish a new political party to contest the 1973 legislative elections. In France, parties have to secure support from a specific number of elected officials, from a specific number of departments, in order to be eligible to run for election. [80], Le Pen protested the media boycott against his party by sending letters to President Mitterrand in mid-1982. [189] This was part of its shift away from its former claim of being the "social, popular and national right" to its claim of being "neither right nor left – French! [205] Marine Le Pen is very critical against the threats of sanctions directed by the international community against Russia: "European countries should seek a solution through diplomacy rather than making threats that could lead to an escalation." [69] However, an increased requirement regarding obtaining signatures of support from elected officials had been introduced for the election, which left both Le Pen and Gauchon unable to stand for the election.
[238] In February 2017, two more conservative Republican Congressmen, Steve King and Dana Rohrabacher, also met with Le Pen in Paris. [169][170][171], In January 2019, an ex-Sarkozy minister Thierry Mariani and former conservative lawmaker Jean-Paul Garraud, left the Les Republicains (LR), joining the National Rally. [165] The name had also been used by the FN previously, for its parliamentary group between 1986 and 1988. "[160] The party's success came as a shock in France and the EU. [137] It nevertheless outpolled Mégret's MNR, which won a mere 1.1% support, even though it had fielded the same number of candidates. ", "Prêt russe au FN : Marine Le Pen publie les refus des banques françaises", "Marine Le Pen justifie le prêt russe du FN", "Financement du FN : des hackers russes dévoilent des échanges au Kremlin", "Austrian far-right in fresh push for EU respectability", http://www.europarl.europa.eu/pdf/grants/parties/EAF_2015.pdf, "Rep. Joe Walsh continues to fan the flames of Islamophobia—and it's accomplishing his goals", "Marine Le Pen's awkward day on Capitol Hill", "Marine Le Pen rencontre un élu américain connu pour ses propos racistes", "Steve Bannon to address far-right event in France where Marine Le Pen will reveal new name for National Front", "French MPs demand inquiry into Steve Bannon's links with Marine Le Pen", "Inevitably, Nigel Farage and Marine Le Pen are now buddies", https://www.giorgiameloni.it/2017/05/08/meloni/, https://www.20min.ch/ro/news/monde/story/Geert-Wilders-voit-Marine-Le-Pen-presidente-en-2017-23367934, https://www.elespanol.com/espana/politica/20181202/marine-pen-felicita-vox-resultado-andalucia-conozca/357714833_0.html, "India Finally Lets Lawmakers Into Kashmir: Far-Right Europeans", "22 of 27 EU parliamentarians visiting Kashmir are from Right-wing parties", "F. Philippot becomes a vice president of the FN", "Marie-Christine Arnautu: Functions in the party", "Jean-François Jalkh: Functions in the party", "Florian Philippot: Functions in the party", "Jordan Bardella promu 2e vice-président du Rassemblement national", "Mes démarches / A votre service – Ministère de l'Intérieur", "France: The National Front As Prototype of the New Radical Right", "France: The historic victory of the Front National", "Marine Le Pen and the 'New' FN: A Change of Style or of Substance?
[122] In the tenth FN national congress in 1997, Mégret stepped up his position in the party as its rising star and a potential leader following Le Pen. [135] In the end, Chirac won the presidential run-off with an unprecedented 82.2% of the vote and with 71% of his votes—according to polls—cast simply "to block Le Pen". [127] The effects of the split, and competition from more moderate nationalists, had left their combined support lower than the FN result in 1984. [75] With the choice of defeat to the political left or dealing with the FN, the local RPR and UDF agreed to form an alliance with the FN, creating national sensation, and together won the second round with 55% of the vote. This category has the following 11 subcategories, out of 11 total. [206] She thinks Ukraine should be sovereign and free as any other nation. [94] With his entourage, Le Pen traversed France for the entire period and, helped by Mégret, employed an American-style campaign. 31 March 2014", "The French Right Scores a Historic Victory", "Far-Right Front National makes historic gains in French municipal elections", "France's National Front Scores Historic Win in European Election", "French Municipal Elections: Far-Right National Front Scores Impressive Gains, But Hopes For Real Political Power Remain A Fantasy", "Far-right National Front stuns French elite with EU 'earthquake, "The National Front's victory: France in shock", "France Shaken by National Front 'Earthquake, "Why Macron Won: Luck, Skill and France's Dark History", Les Patriotes: How Le Pen’s ex-protégé hopes to win over French far right, "Marine Le Pen propose de rebaptiser le FN "Rassemblement national, "Marine Le Pen sparks row over new name for Front National", "Wear 'racist' like a badge of honour, Bannon tells French far-right summit", https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/mar/10/steve-bannon-tells-french-far-right-history-is-on-our-side, "Steve Bannon told a French far-right party to wear the 'racist' label 'as a badge of honor'", https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/ex-sarkozy-minister-jumps-conservative-ship-to-join-french-far-right-11103410, "From Jean-Marie to Marine Le Pen: Electoral Change on the Far Right", "Marine Le Pen's plan to make France great again", "Projet de lutte contre la prostitution : la morale féministe dépourvue d'efficacité", "Marine Le Pen planning Italy trip to condemn North African refugees", 'Immigration: Le FN précise ses objectifs chiffrés (et ça change beaucoup)' ('FN defines more precisely its numerical immigration objectives (and that makes a great difference))', "Marine Le Pen's Anti-Islam Message Gains Influence in France", "Marine Le Pen, France's (Kinder, Gentler) Extremist", "France's National Rally links to violent far-right group revealed", "The European far right: actually right? [94] To promote his statesmanship credentials, he made trips to South East Asia, the United States, and Africa. [69], For the 1981 presidential election, both Le Pen and Pascal Gauchon of the PFN declared their intentions to run. [87], Le Pen's campaign for the upcoming presidential election unofficially began in the months following the 1986 election. [234] Pursuing her de-demonisation policy, in October 2011, Marine Le Pen, as new president of the National Front, joined the European Alliance for Freedom (EAF). [27] She endeavoured to extract it from its far-right cultural roots, and to normalise it by giving it a culture of government, and censuring controversial members like her father, who was suspended, and then expelled from the party in 2015. [131] In its 2001 programme, the party linked the breakdown of law and order to immigration, deeming immigration a "mortal threat to civil peace in France. [54], In the 1974 presidential election, Le Pen failed to find a mobilising theme for his campaign. [28] Following her election as the leader of the party in 2011, the popularity of the FN grew. I consider it a political mistake and would like to make it clear in this context that we must have the right to criticise the policy of the State of Israel – just as we are allowed to criticise any sovereign country – without it being considered anti-Semitism. [132] Jospin had also been weakened due to the competition between an exceptional number of leftist parties. Issues included lower taxes, reducing state intervention, reducing the size of the public sector, privatisation, and scaling back government bureaucracy. «Marine Le Pen 'chosen to lead Frances National Front, https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rassemblement_national&oldid=3257329, Creative Commons-lisensen Namngjeving/Del på same vilkåra.